Hub which osi layer

What is Network Security Key? How to Increase Upload Speed. Report a Bug. Previous Prev. Next Continue. Home Testing Expand child menu Expand. SAP Expand child menu Expand. Also, it can check the destination MAC address of a frame and decides the port from which the frame should be sent out. For this, it maintains a table containing the physical MAC addresses of all the devices in the network. Whenever a data frame arrives at the incoming port of the bridge, it first checks the data frame for any kind of errors.

If the frame is errorless, it directs the data frame to the specified MAC address taking instance from the address table using its outgoing port.

It does not change the physical MAC Address of the frames during transmission. In other words, a Bridge is a Repeater with filtering capability. A switch is a layer-2 network connecting device, i. A switch acts as a multiport bridge in the network. It provides the bridging functionality with greater efficiency.

A switch maintains a Switch table which has the MAC addresses of all the devices connected to it. It is preferred more over the hub, as it reduces any kind of unnecessary traffic in the transmission channel. A switch can connect the devices only in the same network.

It uses the full-duplex mode of communication and saves bandwidth. The switch table keeps on updating every few seconds for better processing.

A Switch is an intelligent device with filtering capabilities. It can discard the faulty data frames and will allow only the errorless data frames in the network. Also, it will forward the data frames to the specific node based on the MAC address taken from the Switch table.

A Switch has multiple collision domains, so it has least or no collisions in the transmission channel. In fact, every port of switch has a separate collision domain. When a data frame arrives at the Switch, it first checks for any kind of error in the data frame.

If the frame is error-free, it will search the MAC address of the destination in the Switch table. If the address is available in the switch table, it will forward the data frame to that specific node, else switch will register the MAC address in the switch table. If the destination address is not specified, it will broadcast the data frame to each node in the network. The data transmission speed is slow in a switch around Mbps. Also, it has only one broadcasting domain. A Router is a layer-3 network connecting device, i.

It interprets data in the form of data packets. It is mainly an internetworking device, which can connect devices of different networks implementing the same architecture and protocols. In other words, it can connect two physically and logically different network devices with each other. A Router is used to connect the networks or it routes traffic between the networks.

Each network bridge keeps track of the MAC addresses on the network attached to each of its interfaces. When network traffic arrives at the bridge and its target address is local to that side of the bridge, the bridge filters that Ethernet frame, so it stays on the local side of the bridge only. If the bridge is unable to find the target address on the side that received the traffic, it forwards the frame across the bridge, hoping the destination will be on the other network segment.

At times, there are multiple bridges to cross to get to the destination system. The big challenge is that broadcast and multicast traffic must be forwarded across each bridge, so every device has an opportunity to read those messages.

If the network manager builds redundant circuits, it often results in a flood of broadcast or multicast traffic, preventing unicast traffic flow. Switches play a vital role in moving data from one device to another. Specifically, switches greatly improve network performance compared to hubs, by providing dedicated bandwidth to each end device, supporting full-duplex connectivity, utilizing the MAC address table to make forwarding decisions, and utilizing ASICs and CAM tables to increase the rate at which frames can be processed.

Switches use the best of hubs and bridges while adding more abilities. They use the multi-port ability of the hub with the filtering of a bridge, allowing only the destination to see the unicast traffic. Switches allow redundant links and, thanks to Spanning Tree Protocol STP developed for bridges, broadcasts and multicasts run without causing storms. Switches keep track of the MAC addresses in each interface so they can rapidly send the traffic only to the frame's destination.

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